The past couple of decades have witnessed one of the most rapid and extensive technological evolutions in dentistry. This period has presented some remarkable developments of endodontic technologies. The current presentation is aimed to concisely review some of these advances pertinent to endodontic imaging, root canal preparation, root canal disinfection and root filling materials A root canal is the naturally occurring space within a tooth that consists of the pulp chamber, the main canal(s) and the more intricate anatomical branches that may connect it to each other or to the surface of the root. Root canal treatment not only corrects the damaged tooth but also restores the esthetics, phonetics and function of the tooth. Proper treatment should be done to avoid any complications and to make tooth appear more natural. Contemporary endodontics has seen an unprecedented advance in technology and materials. This presentation aimed to highlight some of the challenges and advances under following sections: 1) Root canal preparation, (3) Root canal disinfection, (4) Foot canal filling materials, and (4) regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs). Jointly, these advances are aimed at improving the state of the art and science of advanced root canal treatment.