Title: HIV infection, epidemiology, monitoring, diagnosis, therapy and prophylaxis aspects

Biography:

Abstract

Background: HIV infection is considered to be an international health problem. In the last five years, WHO and ECDC described in HIV/AIDS surveillance reports the pandemic evolution of the infection, with the increasing number of infected persons and the relative stable number of death in spite of the new antiretroviral therapy and new adherence protocols.

Material and method: We made a review of the reported data concerning the HIV infection in Romania, presenting the specific aspects in Cluj-Napoca Regional Centre, which is the surveillance unit for the North-Western part of Romania

The presented data were collected between 1997 and 2017, including diagnosis, treatment, opportunistic infection, immunological evaluation, stadialization and outcome.

Results:  In Romania, the first cases of AIDS in adults were diagnosed in 1985 and in children in 1989. At the end of 2001, WHO and UNAIDS reported 6,500 cases of HIV/AIDS infection, of which 4,000 (61.5%) in children and 2,500 (38.5%) in adults. The route of transmission was nosocomial in 50.5% of cases (in most of the babies born in 1987-1990), transfusions (22.6%), unknown (15.1%), sexual (8.2%) and perinatal (3.7%). Among the transmitting ways of HIV, in 2016 & 2017, in children predominated the nosocomial, followed by maternal-fetal and blood infections, and in adults, the heterosexual transmission predominated, followed by the drug users, and by the blood and derivatives transmission.

Conclusions: The fact that HIV is predominantly sexually transmitted and disproportionately affects populations that are already socially or economically marginalized or both have many ethical, social, economic and political challenges.