Title: Five years retrospective descriptive study of TB and HIV patients

Biography:

Mir Anwar graduated Medicine from Bangladesh in 1975. He did his post-graduation in Pediatrics from Ireland in 1982. Further he did his Public Health Post graduation- MPH (concentration Maternity and Child Health) from University of Massachusetts, USA in 2003. Then he joins in UN/ WHO and worked as a Pediatric Consultant & Public Health Specialist, around the world including Asia, Middle East, Africa, Pacific Island, Ireland and USA. Since 2007 he has been working in South Africa in different provinces of South Africa with the Department of Health. Presently he is working as a Clinical Medical Manager in Richmond Chest Hospital, KZN. South Africa. In his long carrier in Pediatric and Public Health he had attended several International Congress, Conferences, and Seminars and presented his original work. Some of them were published in International Journal Including American Child Neurology Journal, Japan Pediatric Neurology Journal, Pakistan Pediatric Journal, Bangladesh Child Medical Journal, Nigerian Journal of Obstratics and Gynecology Etc.

For his work he is honored by American Academy of Pediatrics, Royal College of Health, UK, and International College of Pediatrics. Etc. His Biography was published in Who’s Who in Medicine Cambridge, UK in 1985. He is an active member of different International and National Pediatric Organization, Association etc. Presently is one of the honorary Member of Editorial Board- Journal of Pediatrics & Neonatal Biology, Published from Texas, USA.

Abstract

Background- South Africa (SA) has the highest HIV and TB burden in the world.  Co –infection of TB and HIV are the worst in respect of morbidity and mortality in this part of the world.

Objective- To know the outcome of TB & HIV patients while treating in Hospital setup. To explore the risk of Co-infection amongst TB & HIV patients we compare both isolated TB patients and TB & HIV patients.

Methods – TB and HIV infection in retrospective descriptive study was in our mind.  Total 3544 patients were admitted in Richmond Chest (TB) Hospital, KZN province of South Africa from 2009 to 2013. Total admission in 2009 was 993, death was 288, and death rate was 29%. While in 2013 admission was 318 deaths were 72.Death rate in 2013 was 23%, Age range of the patients was 15 to 65 years. Crude proportionate was observed   Male- 48% Female – 45% Children - 7%

Results - The incidence of death amongst the all patients of exclusive TB, and TB & HIV co-infection shows different variation in different age group. Out of total death, more than 50% were in the age group of 30 to 60 years of old. It also shows Death rate were higher in the category of patients having co- infection TB and HIV together. Out of total death, 40% had low CD4 count, below 100.which is a significant to observe. Death rate in 2009 was 29%, and in 2013 was 23% .The male and female ratio does not show any major difference neither in disease pattern nor in outcome. But in South Africa as a whole country wise study shows Female are more infected in AIDS than male.

Conclusion - Decrease of death rate was not due to improvement of care and management, it was noted admission policy had been dramatically changed in Richmond Hospital which leads to decline input of patients in the hospital that reflect declining death rate in later year. Early diagnosis and early initiation of treatment and re-treatment will definitely give better outcome in years to come. The new era of fixed dose, once a day treatment both in TB and HIV shows better compliance amongst the poor set up patient’s society.