Cardiovascular diseases: Cardiovascular diseases involve the heart and blood vessels. Now it is the common cause of death. Age, sex, tobacco use, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, obesity are factors of heart diseases. Heart attacks and strokes are mainly caused by blood vessel blockage that stops blood from flowing to the heart or brain. Symptoms include: chest pain, discomfort on arms, left shoulder, elbows, jaw or back, difficulties in breathing, feeling sick or vomiting. People facing these symptoms should look for medical care immediately.
Some of the cardiovascular diseases:
Cardiovascular pharmacology: Cardiovascular pharmacology involves drugs that are used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Many medications are used to treat various heart conditions. Some examples of the drugs used as cardiovascular medicine include:
Neurology and cardiology includes to the pathophysiological interplays of the nervous and cardiovascular systems. The constant communication between the brain and the heart have proved invaluable to synthesizing fields of neurological and cardiac diseases. The neuro-cardiac alliances the link to many problems regarding the physiological functions of the body.
This includes:
Hypertension: Hypertension is a major condition that significantly increases the risks of heart, brain, kidney and other diseases. Blood pressure is determined both by the amount of blood your heart pumps and the amount of resistance to blood flow in your arteries.
Obesity: Obesity is a disease including an excessive amount of body fat. Obesity is a health problem that increases risk of other diseases and health problems like heart disease, high blood pressure, certain cancers, and diabetes.
Causes of Obesity:
Thoracic Surgery: Thoracic surgery indicates the operations on organs in the chest, including the heart, lungs and esophagus. Thoracic surgeries cover coronary artery bypass surgery, heart transplant, lung transplant and removal of the lung affected by cancer.
Types of Thoracoscopic Surgery Procedures:
Cardiovascular Surgery: Cardiovascular surgery defined as heart surgery. It relates surgical procedure which includes the heart, or the blood vessels that carry blood to heart.
Types of heart surgery:
Cardio-Oncology: Cardio-oncology is a study of cardiology that involves on the monitoring, detection and treatment of cardiovascular disease resulting as a side effect of chemotherapy and radiology. A number of cardiologists treat and manage patients with heart disease and cancer.
Nuclear Cardiology: Nuclear Cardiology studies use autoimmune techniques to evaluate myocardial blood flow, the pumping function of the heart as well as envision the size and location of a heart attack. Among all the techniques of nuclear cardiology, myocardial perfusion imaging is the mostly used.
Types of Nuclear Cardiology Tests:
Cardiovascular Imaging: Cardiac imaging is a diagnostic radiology that uses medical images to diagnose cardiovascular diseases and to detect the defects in the size and shape of the heart. It is used to diagnose many diseases including:
Image Analysis: Image analysis includes processing an image into fundamental components to remove important information. Image analysis involves tasks such as finding shapes, removing noise, counting objects, detecting edges and calculating statistics for texture analysis or image quality. Methods used for image processing are:
A case report in medicine is defined as a comprehensive report of the symptoms, signs, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of an individual patient. Case reports may contain a demographic profile of the patient, describe an unusual occurrence or may contain a review of other reported clinical cases.
Case reports on Cardiology are expert reports that provide comprehensive note on cardiology treatment and provide an outline for early signals of effectiveness, adverse events, and cost.
Stem Cell Research: Stem-cell research is a research that involves the properties of stem cells and their potential utilize in medicine. Stem cells are the origin of all tissues, describing their properties helps in our understanding of the healthy and diseased body's development and homeostasis. There are five different types of stem cells discussed;
Regeneration on Cardiology: Cardiac regeneration is a wide attempt that straight to repair inevitably harmed heart tissue with cutting-edge science, involving stem cell and cell-free therapy. Many tools have been developed to replace injured heart tissue and impaired heart function using the body's natural ability to regenerate.
Current Research in Cardiology: With recent development of innovative techniques and devices, management and treatment of cardiovascular diseases has improved to a great extent saving numerous precious lives. Discuss current research trends in Cardiology at CWC 2021.
Advances in Cardiology: Few of the chief advances in cardiology include the new guidelines on revascularization, new developments in the treatment of cardiogenic shock, novel stent technology and clinical trial data shows no benefit of dropping aspirin after stenting procedure.
Cardiac Problems during Pregnancy: Cardiac problems during pregnancies include symptoms like fatigue, chest pain, and shortness of breath, fainting, difficulty breathing while sleeping. Fainting occurs due to blood pressure and volume changes in pregnancy.
Common heart problems that affect women include:
The preventive cardiology has started to treat the spectrum of coronary disease risk factors and coronary artery disease through the assessment of individual risk and early initiation of interventions to prevent, delay or modify the development of clinical atherosclerosis which will be primary and also after the manifestation of symptomatic coronary artery disease. The main aim of Preventive Cardiology is to identify people with high risk of developing cardiac disease.
Prevention of cardiovascular disease achieve by doing regular exercise, by healthy dieting, by avoiding tobacco smoking, excessive alcohol and by maintaining of an optimal blood pressure and normal LDL-cholesterol and glucose levels.
Pediatric Cardiovascular Disease: Pediatric heart disease describes different heart conditions in children. Pediatric heart disease refers to a problem that causes a change in blood flow through the heart in children. Pediatric Cardiovascular Disease is the most common birth defect.
Congenital Cardiovascular Disease: Congenital cardiovascular disease is also known as congenital heart disease (CHDs) and constitutes most common type of birth defects. As advanced medical care and treatment, babies with a CHD are living longer and healthier lives. CHDs are present at birth and affect the structure of a baby’s heart. CHDs range from small hole in the heart to missing or poorly developed parts of the heart.
Different types of CHDs
Geriatric cardiology refers to as the offering cardiovascular care to the geriatric population taking into consideration principles of geriatric medicine alongside into the daily routine care of ageing population with cardiovascular diseases.
Cardiovascular Engineering: Cardiovascular engineering involves both the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular engineering research includes the complete biological cardiovascular tissues for regenerative-medicine applications, the study and treatment lymphatic disorders and the study of calcification within the cardiovascular system.
Cardio-vascular technology: Cardiovascular technology describes the diagnosis and treatment of heart-related and blood vessels-related conditions. Cardiac Technology explains how to use imaging technology and perform an ultrasound. Observing heart rates, elucidating procedures to patients and reviewing their files are all essential in cardiovascular technology.
Nephrocardiology includes the clinical conditions that involves both heart and kidney. If a person has kidney disease, he is more likely to get heart disease. Heart disease is a common cause of death among people who have kidney disease.
Kidney disease and heart disease shares mainly two causes:
Genetics of Heart Disease: Genetics can direct the risk for heart disease. Genes control every details of the cardiovascular system, from the strength of the blood vessels to the cells in the heart. Genetic mutations in a single gene influence the likelihood of developing heart disease.
There are 3 Common Inherited Heart Diseases:
Vascular Disease : Vascular disease affects the blood vessels. As heart beats, it pumps blood with oxygen and nutrients to feed tissues and it carry off waste.
Types of Vascular Disease:
Clinical cardiology: Clinical cardiology produces more than one type of imaging, which is used to evaluate patients for cardiac disease. Coronary angiography is a gold standard which is used for diagnosis of coronary artery stenosis and magnetic resonance imaging is performed to determine gross anatomy and SPECT is used to estimate myocardial perfusion.
Experimental Cardiology: Experimental Cardiology discuss about heart health-related issues, including hypertension, myocardial ischemia, diabetes, and other cardiovascular diseases.
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