Developing countries have experienced many challenges in replicating mobile money services (MMS) successes, and the literature suggests that the regulatory environment is a critical barrier to the success of financial services in low-trust and institutionally compromised developing countries. Nevertheless, all models in previous MMS studies seemingly overlook the linkage between the perceived effectiveness of the regulatory environment (PERE) and consumers’ behavioural intention to adopt MMS. To address this gap, we employ covariance-based structural equation modeling (SEM) on a data set comprising 298 responses to investigate whether PERE affects the behavioural intention to adopt MMS in low-trust South Africa. Our results confirm that a new model that integrates PERE and price value (PV) accounts for 91.8% of the variance in consumers’ behavioural intention to adopt MMS; thus, demonstrating a 24.05% improvement in explanatory and predictive power over the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTUAT) model.

According to Stats SA’s Quarterly Labour Force Survey released on 30 November 2021 the unemployment rate in South Africa reached an alltime high of 34.9% in 2021, which is an increase of 4,1% from 2020 to 2021. The reason for this increase is of course clear as the global Coronavirus pandemic ushered in unimagined complexities (Mhlanga, 2021). The United Nations (UN) Secretary General, António Guterres, has called for the world to react decisively, innovatively and to collaboratively conquer the rise of the virus whilst also responding to the socio-economic devastation that the virus is causing world-wide (UN, 2020). The question surrounding this global problem in terms of its economic impact is therefore not focused on how this problem can be solved, but rather on what the effects of this pandemic have been on entrepreneurs, as well as the general academic landscape of entrepreneurship and business management education in developing countries such as South African (ASSAf, 2022). Individuals studying on a tertiary level in the field of entrepreneurship or business management have always been viewed as being a step ahead of individuals who would want to pursue a career in business, but who do not have the theoretical understanding of concepts or literature. Graduandi however do not necessarily have the technical, practical and on job training knowledge base of individuals who have been working in industry. This has however come to a point where the potential of becoming or being an entrepreneur is no longer linked to the completion of tertiary education, but rather linked to increasing an entrepreneur’s potential, developing a thorough theoretical academic knowledge base and enhancing self-efficacy of entrepreneurs. The question then becomes, what is the gap that has emanated between academia and industry, and how should business research and education be re-aligned toward assisting entrepreneurial development? In order to address this pressing issue, the focus needs to fall on what is currently seen as imperative research being conducted within the field of business management, what is being taught in the academic sphere and which trends are developing. Once this is established, the questions develops into how can academia and industry re-align or amend the current business management landscape into one which is conducive to rectify aspects such as unemployment, poverty or under developed communities or societies (Madondo, 2021; Yende, 2021). Trends within the field of business management research in South Africa that have been growing in popularity include, but are not limited to: networking (Mlotshwa & Msimango-Galawe, 2020), business-to-busienss relationships (Goran, Mercy & Mornay, 2019), the role of leadership (Bornman, 2019), and business sustainability (Gregorio, Pié, & Terceño, 2018). The rapid rise of technology, especially that of the 4IR (Mawere, Mukonza & Kugara, 2021) has also played a major part in re-shaping the business landscape, and even more so in developing countries where there might be a lack of proper infrastructure and current academic know-how to assist growing industry needs.

Despite growing interest in the potential of digital technologies to enhance co-production and co-creation in public services, there is a lack of hard evidence on their actual impact. Conceptual fuzziness and tech-optimism stand in the way of collecting such evidence. The article suggests an analytical framework that distinguishes between the impacts of different technologies on different elements of co-production and co-creation, and illustrates this in three different areas. It argues that there is no reason to assume that digital technologies will always encourage co-production or co-creation. In fact, they can also be used to bypass interaction with citizens. It is no exaggeration to say that the interest in how digital technologies shape citizen-government relationships has grown immensely. From geriatric rehabilitation robots, through social media, to citizens donating data for public service design and implementation: it is often assumed that new technologies will benefit co-production and co-creation, by making these processes more effective and more efficient and by fundamentally transforming how citizens help shape public services (Lember 2018). It is expected that digital technologies can empower individuals and collectives, and substantially increase the opportunities for more personalized and demand-driven public services (Noveck 2015; Meijer 2012). By extension, they are expected to increase the legitimacy of the state (Kornberger et al. 2017). This could be wonderful – if it happens. However, before we accept such statements for fact, we ought to acknowledge at least four major problems.

A company's Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) efforts not only maximize the good impact on communities’ in-and-around corporate operations and beyond, but they also represent "the manner of doing business." "The manner of conducting business" draws attention not only to a company's attitude toward society beyond business, but also to its workers' responsible social viewpoint, which helps the organization optimize its social influence. Sustainability initiatives that aren't closely connected to the company's main business obstruct the best use of the company's knowledge, which is a missed opportunity for both the company and society. CSR initiatives not only allow businesses to give back to society, but they also provide a platform for them to come up with innovative solutions to common business problems. Despite the fact that businesses recognize the importance of CSR, many find it difficult to form mutually beneficial partnerships: small-scale projects provide little tangible benefit to either the company or society, and corporate donations frequently leave the donating company out of the benefits equation. To achieve a sustainable positioning of their corporate brand and long-term positive benefits for society, organizations should strategically embrace CSR. CSR initiatives should emerge from core business processes and focus on the benefits the company can provide to society, creating a win-win scenario for both the organization and the community. Companies may interact with consumers and workers, raise brand recognition, inspire innovation, and save operational expenses by implementing CSR.

This article focuses on theoretical reflection on the need to study administrative decision-making models carried out by Angolan companies and public bodies. In this study, the specifications of the theoretical decision-making methods are addressed, as well as inconsistencies between these and the realities of certain organizations are pointed out. The adopted methodology consisted of theoretical research, articulated through a review of the literature on decision-making processes and descriptive research with which it was possible to describe the theoretical-practical inconsistencies pointed out by researchers in the field of decision, studied through bibliographical and documental consultation in archives of private and public companies. The main result concerns the need for field research in large companies and public bodies in order to identify their decision-making processes and analyze them in the light of the decision-making literature scrolls, correlating them with the purpose of attaining new knowledge and refining existing models and/or developing new models and decision theories.