Title: Modification of Nanomaterial Surface through Functionalization

Biography:

Dr. Sharda  Sundaram Sanjay is working in capacity of Associate Professor in the department of Chemistry, Ewing Cristian College, ((An Autonomous Constituent PG College of University of Allahabad), Allahabad, India. Her research field is the studies of metal complexes and nanomaterials. She has published around 31 research papers in various national & international journals and around 9 book chapters and a book on nanotechnology. She has completed a major research project funded by University Grants Commission. She has delivered invited talks in many seminars, conferences and workshops and presented papers in more than 50 conferences. She has  explored green chemistry and nanotechnology for the synthesis and application of nanoparticles especially in plants for enhancing the activity of enzymes that are responsible for driving many metabolic reactions in all crops. Secondly to bring attention to appropriate experimental designing of nanoparticles, this could provide a defensible scientific understanding of the biological effects of nanoparticles. 

Abstract

Modification of nanomaterial surface through functionalization has created a great revolution in the field of nanotechnology specially in the  field of  pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences. The clinical results have suggested that functionalization of nanoparticles with specific chemical species yielded multifunctional nanoparticles with enhanced efficacy. Precisely engineered, functionalized nanoparticles are finding use as optical materials, components of sensors, catalyst precursors and a host for other applications. Functionalization of host molecules with inorganic/organic functional groups  is a useful strategy in the preparation of advanced materials combining the optoelectronic and surface  properties of the substrate with the molecular selectivity of the covering  groups. Conjugation of  these  specific  chemical functional groups   create specific surface sites on nanoparticles  with  selective molecular attachment  to perform specific functions  viz. functionalization of  gold  nanoparticles with amino acids such as lysine, polylysine and glycine etc. bind  DNA with higher efficiency for gene delivery without toxicity. Surface-functionalization  firstly, links the nanoparticles with various organic and inorganic moieties, secondly,  improves  the  solubility of   nanoparticles  so that   they may be used as carriers  for  hydrophobic species and thirdly, they can be used for the  homogeneous distribution  in organic matrix. The surface functionalization can be done by any of  the process, either (i)  by post-functionalization , in which functionalization is generally done on the  already formed inorganic nanoparticles or (ii)   by  in- situ functionalization, in which functionalization is done  during synthesis. The functional groups generally used for tailoring surface functionality  are  hydroxy-, thio-, amino-, nitro-, carboxy-, or  primary alkyl groups etc. The operating forces works for functionalization are mainly hydrophobic, hydrophilic, ionic, nonionic ,van der waal’s or  hydrogen bond interactions.