Obesity occurs when a man's muscle mass exceeds his fat mass to the point where it threatens his health. A man is considered corpulent if his body weight is at least 20% more than it should be. If your Body Mass Index (BMI) is between 25 and 29.9, you are considered overweight. If your BMI is 30 or over, you are considered overweight. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic, long-term disease that affects your body's ability to utilize the energy available in food. Type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes are the three types of diabetes to be aware of. Something similar can be found in a wide variety of diabetes mellitus. Normally, your body converts the sugars and carbs you consume into a single sugar known as glucose.
Endocrine diseases influence the body's ability to digest certain nutrients and vitamins, whereas metabolic disorders affect the body's ability to over- or under-produce certain hormones. Hypothyroidism, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, parathyroid gland diseases, diabetes mellitus, adrenal gland diseases (including Cushing's syndrome and Addison's disease), and ovarian dysfunction (including polycystic ovary syndrome) are among the endocrine disorders. The study of hormone processes and neuroendocrine systems that influence or govern behaviour is known as behavioural endocrinology. Endocrinology is a broad field that impacts not just our endocrine system but also our skin, implying that dermatology is involved indirectly.
A diagnosis of prediabetes should serve as a wake-up call to patients to undertake lifestyle adjustments that will help them avoid full-blown diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We know that having diabetes raises the risk of acquiring cardiovascular disease, therefore we wanted to see what the absolute risk or probability of developing heart disease was for those with blood sugar levels that were only slightly higher than pre-diabetic. A fasting blood sugar level of 100 to 125 mg/dL (5.6 to 6.9 mmol/L) indicates prediabetes, but a fasting blood sugar level of less than 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) is considered normal. The diagnostic threshold for diabetes is 126 mg/dL (7 mmol/L) or higher.
Thyroid disease and diabetes are both endocrine and hormone disorders. Thyroid dysfunction can make blood glucose control more challenging in those who have diabetes. It's not unusual for someone to have thyroid problems and diabetes at the same time. Thyroid disease is more likely to occur if you have type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, or metabolic syndrome. Thyroid illness also raises the risk of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. If you are overweight or obese, this link is considerably stronger. Many of your body's basic activities, such as growth, development, and metabolism, are regulated by your thyroid gland and thyroid hormones. Thyroid disease might affect your blood sugar levels because it interferes with metabolism. This increases your risk of acquiring diabetes and makes managing your blood sugar more difficult if you already have it.
Osteoporosis is a global age-related health concern that affects both male and female senior people. It slowly deteriorates the microstructure of bone, especially at trabecular locations like vertebrae, ribs, and hips, leading to fragility fractures, pain, and disability. Diabetes mellitus (DM), particularly type 1 DM, leads to and/or aggravates bone loss in osteoporotic patients, despite the fact that osteoporosis is generally associated with ageing and oestrogen shortage. This subject spotlight article covers DM-induced osteoporosis and DM/osteoporosis comorbidity, as well as changes in bone metabolism and hormones that regulate bone formation in diabetic patients, such as insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, and angiogenesis. Also covered are the cellular and molecular processes of DM-related bone loss. This knowledge lays the groundwork for a better understanding of diabetes complications as well as the development of early osteoporosis screening and prevention in diabetic patients.
The importance of good nutrition in diabetes management cannot be overstated. You have the best chance of preventing diabetes if you eat the correct foods and engage in other lifestyle behaviors that promote healthy blood sugar and insulin levels. Curcumin and berberine are two herbs that may help raise insulin sensitivity and lessen the chance of diabetes progression. The main goal of type 1 and type 2 diabetes treatment is to keep blood sugar (glucose) levels within acceptable limits. Insulin, exercise, and a healthy diet are used to treat type 1 diabetes. When weight loss, a type 2 diabetes diet, and exercise fail to control the increased blood sugars of type 2 diabetes, diabetes medicines (oral or injectable) are prescribed. If other drugs are ineffective, insulin treatment may be started.
Diabetic patients' wound healing slows down due to a variety of causes, including diabetes. High glucose levels (When your glucose level is greater than normal, it prevents nutrients and oxygen from reaching cells, preventing your immune system from functioning properly and, in the long run, causing aggravation in the body's cells.) (Neuropathy) is the damage caused to nerve cells as a result of persistently elevated glucose levels. This could result in a loss of sensation in the affected areas. Diabetic individuals' hands and feet are commonly affected. When it occurs, one will be unable to feel wounds when they happen. This is one noteworthy motivation behind why foot wounds tend to be more typical in individuals with diabetes.
