The goal of this paper is to provide a forum for discussion when it comes to diabetes health management. Drawing from my experience, some of the challenges that patients face when it comes to management of diabetes include lack of diabetes education, adoption of healthy lifestyle and poor adherence to medications. Lack of awareness that diabetes education is available would seem to be the biggest huddle that patients are yet to overcome because it requires guidance from a health care professional that there are resources available in order to fully understand how to manage diabetes. Adoption of healthy lifestyle such as healthy eating and physical activity would be a self-limiting factor in diabetes management because the patient has to be willing and ready to adopt this new way of life. Poor adherence to medications is a result of lack of clear understanding of how medications fit in, in the management of diabetes and how to mitigate the side effects experienced.

My research findings indicate that there are issues that patients do not disclose to their physician, while they feel comfortable disclosing to the pharmacist. Patients have multiple interactions with a pharmacist in a year compared to interactions with physicians thus pharmacists have a higher chance in addressing behaviors and empowering the patient to be proactive about managing their diabetes. Pharmacists working as an integral part of the healthcare team in managing the patient’s diabetes has shown favorable results for the patient.

The  prevalence  of    hypothyroidism  overtly  ranges  from  5%  to  11%.  Hypothyroidism  effects  almost  all  parts  of  the  body. Though  Hypothyroidism   is  less  common  in  males  as  compared  to  females   but   deficiency  of   thyroid  hormone  affects  almost  all  metabolic  organs  of  the  body,  which  includes  changes in  growth  hormone,  steroid  metabolism, sexual  function,  antioxidative  function.  Thyroid  hormone  is   known  to  effect  Sex  Hormone  Binding  Globulin (SHBG)  and  Overt   hypothyroidism  is  associated  with  low  testosterone  or  hypogonadism  due  to  low  levels  of  SHBG,  which  by  many  studies  is  reversible  with  thyroid  hormone(levothyroxine)  replacement  therapy. It  is  studied  that  men  with  overt  hypothyroidism  have  low  response  to  (LH)  or  (GnRH)  replacement  as  compared  to  significant  response  to   (hCG). It  is  also  studied  that  testosterone  concentrations  are  reduced  in  men with  overt  hypothyroidism  and  thyroid  hormone  replacement  improves  overall   testosterone concentrations.