Title: Fermented soya bean modulates gut microbiota and its metabolism to reduce hypertension in spontaneous hypertensive rats.

Biography:

Dr. Daliri received his PhD Food Science and Biotechnology degree from Kangwon National University, Korea in 2019 and currently works at the Life Science Center, Vilnius University, Lithuania. He has been researching on functional foods, probiotics and the gut microbiota for the past six years. He has developed functional food materials that selectively modulate the gut microbiota to mitigate hypertension, obesity and diabetes. Dr. Daliri is interested in studying how gut dysbiosis plays a role in the etiology of non-communicable diseases and how functional foods can be designed to restore gut microbiome integrity to promote health. He has 6 patents, over 50 research publications in peer-reviewed journals and 6 book chapters. BSc Biochemistry from the University of Cape Coast, Ghana, PhD Food Science and Biotechnology from Kangwon National University, South Korea.

Abstract

Recent studies have shown that the intestine of hypertensive patients may have increased permeability and decreased tight junction proteins. These changes in gut pathology may be associated with altered microbial communities and metabolites relevant in blood pressure control. For this reason, several gut microbiota modulatory strategies are being sought to control the disease. In this study, we developed a fermented soya bean product (FSB) and fed it to spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) to ascertain its ability to modulate the gut microbiota and reduce high blood pressure. Consumption of FBS decreased gut microbial richness but increased microbial diversity and evenness significantly. PCA showed that the gut microbial ecology of SHR fed with FSB was very similar to that of Whistar Kyoto rats (WKYR). SHR were characterized by a high Firmicutes: Bacteroidetes ratio and an overabundance of bacteria belonging to the phylum Actinobacteria. At the specie level, SHR fecal samples were overrepresented with Bifidobacterium animalis (22%) with undetectable Akkermansia muciniphilla. FSB consumption however selectively increased the levels of Akkermansia muciniphila and decreased Bifidobacterium animalis levels in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, Bifidobacterium animalis/ Akkermansia muciniphilla ratio showed a strong correlation with blood pressure. Bacteria mitochondria proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation and some ATP Binding cassette proteins were severely depleted in SHR feces but restored after FSB consumption. FBS feeding reduced microbial branched chain amino acid and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis. FSB consumption promoted microbial production of arylhydrocarbon receptor ligands (indole-3 acetate and indole-3 carboxy aldehyde) which are required for maintaining gut membrane integrity. Taken together, we have shown that FSB reduces hypertension by mitigating gut microbial dysbiosis, altering gut microbial gene expression and metabolism.