Multiple reports indicate that the root submergence technique (RST) can be successfully applied in pontic site development with fixed implant supported restorations, especially in the maxillary esthetic zone, as an alternative to other socket preservation modalities. The aim of this study is to discuss the benefits and limitations of the RST on preserving the periodontal tissue at a pontic site of fixed implant-supported restorations. 

Submerged roots can preserve bone and soft tissue so that the gingival contour of a pontic site is in harmony the adjacent abutment implants or teeth. Non-infected vital or endodontically treated roots reduced at the level of the bone crest or below the crest and completely submerged within the alveolus qualify and are able to effectively preserve the residual ridge even in implant-supported restorations. However, periapical lesions, external root resorption, gradual eruption and exposure and root caries are critical complications which may affect adjacent implants and limit this protocol in daily practice.

Several clinicians consider the RST as a potential treatment option in pontic site augmentation. However, the current data lack of higher level evidence for reliable and predictable long-term outcomes.

Only with high caution and in strictly selected single cases, the root submergence technique might serve as an alternative method of maintaining the alveolar ridge in fixed implant supported restorations.

Thanks to progress  in adhesive dentistry and the histological and biomimetic knowledge of dental tissues, we witness  a paradigm shift in the choice of prior restoration which becomes less "Dogmatic", more rational .Indeed, biomimetics is the imitation or restoration of the biomechanics of the original tooth by the restoration.

The minimal therapeutic modalities which can precede a sophisticated treatment, since the vectors of the restorative dentistry reside in the maintenance of the pulp vitality....

This is of course the purpose of restorative dentistry. The appearance and development of adhesive techniques have paved the way for continuous improvement in terms of tissue economy and aesthetics. An excellent reason allows us to dive into the mechanism of action of adhesive systems. During in this conference we will discuss how to stick fracture fragments after dental trauma. In the absence of a fragment, we will show the key points to successfully stratify composites on anterior teeth

Infection control practices are vital in the management of sterile and unsterile single-use and reusable medical devices. My experience working in the medical device reprocessing department at a hospital setting and participating in various infection control audit in clinics gave me the knowledge, and skills to identify the required infection control practices in a health care office setting. There are essential steps to achieve the highest probability of eliminating the microorganisms during the sterilization process. Learning the vital steps in the sterilization process improves efficiency and safety while reducing the risk of infection to staff and patient. In this study, I will identify the required methods in the proper handling and management of nonsterile and sterile single-use and reusable medical and surgical equipment. Furthermore, I will describe the process to prevent cross-contamination and the risk of staff and patient exposure to harmful bacteria.  Finally, I will share the impact of not having and following the correct procedure of infection control.

What does digital orthodontics mean in my professional life? Today it means working in a very different way. It means treating my patients having the end in the mind and being able to see the end of the treatment in advance. Has it been immediately simple? Obviously not! It needed a long learning curve to change my approach. First of all, I needed to understand how to use an intraoral scanner in my daily practice and I understood that it improved my practice and my patients’ satisfaction. Then I needed to understand how to manage the digital setup. The digital setup for me means aligners (Invisalign) and fixed appliances (Insignia)

I have my protocol to send a case and to review the case, and this is what I’d like to share because I have understood that if we plan the case well, if we can review the case quickly,...it’s a done deal and the chairtime will be greatly reduced.

How to send an orthodontic case: When we send a case we need to remember that we will have to interface with the technicians, so our treatment plan has to be very clear, with precise information. We have to ask ourselves how we want to solve the case in the 3D dimensions: transversal plane, anteroposterior plane, vertical plane.

How to review the case: When we review the case we need to: check that the technicians have correctly done the things we asked for, check the movements’ staging, make the macrochanges, make the microchanges. If I plan a case with Invisalign, I usually change the attachments to improve the predictability. If I have to treat a complex case, I plan to also use miniscrews to manage the case.

The first composites in indirect technique (Mörmann 1982, Touati 1983), made using microfilled resins, were not a great success because of their mediocre properties. On the other hand, in view of the good results obtained with the feldspar ceramics used for the facets, these were introduced for later inlays-onlays posterior.However, the number of fractures of the restorations initiated a return of the practitioners towards the composite in view of the constant evolutions of the material with time.

Composites have evolved a lot in the last decades (from micro-filled composite to nanohybrid), not only in terms of mechanical properties (decrease of polymerization stress ...) but also in their ease of work (choice of color, injectable materials, polishing ...). In addition, the realization of the contact point is much easier with the current material available (metal matrices fine and pregalbées, spacer ring ...). Therefore, nowadays, one can expect a longevity of at least 10 years for a direct composite inserted in a small cavity.

Xerostomia is ubiquitous.  Also, it is defined in a variety of ways.  No standard treatment guidelines exist. And there is not apparent cure on the horizon.  In this session, several treatment options are reviewed including lifestyle modifications to medications.  Drugs, such as pilocarpine and cevimeline provide relief but often come with untoward side effects. Over-the -counter remedies vary in their results, including saliva substitutes and oral lubricants, select toothpastes, alcohol-free mouth rinses, gels and oral sprays, all providing variable results.  Because xerostomia is ubiquitous in its manifestations, clinical studies are difficult and necessarily limited in scope. 

Clinically, professional and home oral hygiene are key to alleviating discomfort and avoiding complications of xerostomia. Effective treatment options should be viewed as a partnership involving the dental professionals and the patient. Dentists are hygienists are important resources to the patient, providing accurate information about the nature and extent of the condition as well as the treatments available. and instruction regarding home care.  

The presentation concludes with a consideration of desired design features for oral care products intended for use with xerostomia conditions.  Case studies of patients using CloSYS oral care products show how dental professionals can assist xerostomia patients’ lives by introducing them to safe, effective products that restore comfort and confidence. According to one of these patients, “Dry mouth is the killer of your teeth and your social life. I thank my dentist every time I see her.” Effective, caring, informative treatment can help patients with dry mouth to become parched no more.

Like many areas of the body, your mouth is teeming with bacteria — most of them harmless. Normally the body's natural defences and good oral health care, such as daily brushing and flossing, can keep these bacteria under control. However, without proper oral hygiene, bacteria can reach levels that might lead to oral infections, such as tooth decay and gum disease.

In addition, certain medications — such as decongestants, antihistamines, painkillers, diuretics and antidepressants — can reduce saliva flow. Saliva washes away food and neutralizes acids produced by bacteria in the mouth, helping to protect you from microbial invasion or overgrowth that might lead to disease.

Studies also suggest that oral bacteria and the inflammation associated with periodontitis — a severe form of gum disease — might play a role in some diseases. In addition, certain diseases, such as diabetes and HIV/AIDS, can lower the body's resistance to infection, making oral health problems more severe.