Chronic or non-curable diseases represent a challenge for science. This supposes the implementation of new and advanced therapies in order to [first] stop progression of such diseases, [second] re-establish organ structure and function and [third] improve life quality and life expectancy. On the past decade several advances in regards of treatment of these diseases have been made, including diabetes mellitus, Alzheimers, Parkinson’s, cardiovascular disease, chronic arthritis, vertebral column lesions, among other diseases. Genetic, mitochondrial, and peptide therapy are novel treatment approaches that are an aid to Stem Cells Therapy (SCT) in these patients. 1, 2, 3 Diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy are the mostly reported complications, these all take a huge toll on patients life quality and ultimately expectancy.4 In addition, insulin resistance is becoming more common and SCT is a promising therapy in terms of lowering the need for antidiabetic drugs.5 Other degenerative diseases like Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s affect patients abilities to perform basic activities of life on their own, and diseases such as cardiovascular disease and arthritis limit patients physical acticity. Given novel therapies (specially Stem Cells) are difficult to track it is another challenge to measure subjectively the outcomes in patients.6 It is therefore important to have in account all possible variables affecting each patient in order to asses for outcomes. As mentioned diseases complications and impairments have a big impact in patient life quality. Methods In order to evaluate our cases, 60 of our patients were selected based on their clinical condition, lab work status, organ involvement. Our patient-based approach started with a thorough clinical history, physical examination and lab work prior to treatment, measurements include: basic metabolic panel, lipid panel, tumor markers, viral antigen markers, various hormones concentrations. Media (photos and videos) are taken to evaluate certain pre and post procedure signs and symptoms such as difficulty walking, peripheral neuropathy, memory loss, mobility, etc. And lastly pertaining imaging studies are requested as recommended per case. -All that are found out of range (for blood studies) or abnormal (for imaging studies) are repeated again after procedure and compared. Each case then is evaluated comparing the studies and physiological, and clinical condition of the patient prior and after the received treatment. Cells Harvesting and Implantation 1. Harvesting: Stem cells are harvested from iliac crest, sacral bone. Amount obtained may vary from patient to patient, but ranging from 100-200 mls. 2. Centrifuging: Harvested bone marrow is sent to centrifuging in order to separate its products. Plasma is extracted from the tube (and saved) and cells are extracted carefully from the transitioning area. 3. Signaling and Activation: cells are further treated with antibiotic, signaled with peptides and cytokines, and then activated twice with laser light. 4. Application: cells are then placed near to the damaged or affected organs, for example, near the pancreas in abdomen to improve pancreas function, and in those with DM complications, near affected organs as well (tendons, corpus cavernous, facias, nasolabial folds, eyes, etc) following the trajectory of blood vessels. Follow-up Lab work and imaging studies that had previously been off range are repeated in order to evaluate outcome and progression on treatment. Results: Laboratory results, imaging studies, and clinical evaluation are all taken into consideration when evaluating patient outcomes, signs and symptoms are compared as well through video, and photos. Our average improvement rate is from about 80-90% in most cases, and life expectancy is extended to approximately 8 years, with notable improvement in life quality. This translates specifically to reduction in insulin or oral anti-diabetic drug need, improvement or peripheral neuropathy, less referred erectile disfunction in the patients population with DM. Patients with Parkinson’s achieve sphincter control, lessening of frequency in episodes with hallucinations and delusions, decrease in tremor intensity. Patients with Alzheimer’s after a few months of treatment start showing signs of slower disease progression, increased recall of names and events, and increased ability to perform basic daily activities. Our case series studies show that Stem Cell therapy for patients with DM type 2, Parkinsons, Alzheimers and other diseases is a safe and effective intervention in terms of life quality and life expectancy, and slowing of disease progression in degenerative diseases. No patient present any adverse effect other than pain and/ or mild ecchymosis in the site of puncture.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) a devastating neurodegenerative and autoimmune disease that until today there is no cure for. Currently, there are multiple clinical trials with different drugs and stem cell treatment trying to find a cure for ALS.ALS is a disease that attacks the central nervous system, specifically motoneurons and myelin. These cells are going through apoptosis, and rapid demyelination occurs. This translates into the patients as a loss of muscles and weight in a short period of time. The patients lose the capability to control movements. Usually, when this disease starts, it is more prominent on one side of the body. As the disease progresses, all muscles are compromised.In our study, we have followed 6 ALS patients for more than one year. They are treated with Pluripotent autologous adipose stem cells (PAASC) via intravenous and intra spinal.  The PAASC are obtained through a small liposuction with a local anesthesia. The fat tissue is washed with saline and centrifuged. The PAASC are separated from the tubes, as described in the article C.Bertolotto, et al. Journal of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology. December 2018 Volume 1, Issue 1. Article ID: 100003).The ALS treatment protocol is based on trying to: 1_ avoid the advance of the disease; 2_regenerate motoneurons and damage of the nerve tissue; 3_ repair the collateral damage that this disease can create.In addition to the treatment with PAASC, we added daily physical therapy to our protocols in order to stimulate the nervous system to create and maintain neuro-muscular synapses. 

We developed a diet for our patients. This anti-inflammatory diet helps the patient maintain body muscle mass and stimulates the nervous system with foods that keep our nervous system alert. The PAASC treatment is repeated on each patient every three to six months.We saw improvements in our patients’ symptoms. Their equilibrium, range of the movement, muscle strength, and muscle body mass improved. We also saw a deceleration of the advances of the disease. The patients assure that their disease is not advancing as rapidly as it was before the stem cell treatment. In order to have objective data, the dietician and our team closely follow all the anthropometrics measurements, and we look at the body muscle mass compared to the body mass. We also communicate with the physical therapist, who looks closely at all the body muscle strength and can tell us if the patient maintains their muscle strength.
Conclusion: the PAASC treatment is effective in patients with ALS. The treatment at least slows down the evolution of this disease and keeps the patients in good and stable condition. There is so much to learn and study in this area, and specifically with this type of stem cells. We strongly believe that our contribution to this devastating disease is very important for patients with ALS.

Regenerative medicine aims to find new therapeutic options for chronic-degenerative diseases, like knee osteoarthritis, in order to reduce pain and improve function. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have been candidates for regenerative therapies for knee osteoarthritis.
Materials and Methods:
 We have investigated three Brazilian woman presenting with pain, edema and functional joint limitation on the knees. The mean age was 75 years old and it ranges from 70 to 79 years. MRI analysis revealed findings of grade III osteoarthritis of the both knee in two patients and in the left knee of the oldest patient. MRI also shows the presence of osteophytes, signals of joint degeneration and osteonecrosis of the medial condyle and plateau more advanced in the oldest patient.
Adipose tissue of each patient was aspirated and processed under GMP conditions in a cell culture facility for 30 days. MSCs were purified and expanded until the forth passage, when the cells were characterized by confocal microscopy, FACS analysis and differentiation assays into chondrocytes, osteocytes and adipocytes. Absence of chromosomal aberrations was verified by G-band karyotype. The cells were dissociated, resuspended in saline solution containing 20% human serum albumin and placed in syringes.Under local anesthesia, MSCs were intra-articularly injected into the affected knees. The patients were also administered with autologous activated platelet-rich plasma, intra-articularly, on the day of the lipoaspiration and on the day of MSC transplantation. The second administration of autologous activated platelet-rich plasma was performed five minutes before the MSC transplantation.
Results and Conclusions:
The patients evolved with amelioration of local pain, edema regression and increased joint mobility. MRI analysis demonstrated attenuation of the signs of osteoarthritis and prominent reduction of the images of osteonecrosis. Association of intra-articular transplantation of MSCs and administration of PRP may be an effective approach to treat knee osteoarthritis.    

Statement of the problem: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent cells able to divide and differentiate into other type of cells, forming a new tissue of mesenchymal origin. With their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, they can curb and modify the course of different chronic diseases. However, the hope that incurable conditions will be completely cured is not yet materialized in clinical practice. The main reason is still insufficient knowledge about biological properties of stem cells, their interaction with environment, and complete understanding of their Immunomodulatory effect. The other non-resolved issues are related to quantity and optimal source of cells.

Methodology and theoretical orientation: The main methodological approach was searching for the literature relevant to explanation of biological properties of stem cells, their mechanism of action, optimization of their quantity and clinical application.

Findings: Initial hypothesis that multilineage differentiation of MSC is related to their potential of replacing damaged cells and forming the new tissues is not confirmed in practice. The reason is absence of specific MSC markers that will enable the tracking of cells after their administration. Recent research indicates that production of a myriad of trophic factors, including growth factors, chemokine, cytokines and antioxidants, rather than direct differentiation and cell replacement might be the main mechanism of action. The facts that migration of MSC to the place of injury is not mandatory for their action explain their paracrine effect instead of direct cell replacement.

The optimal quantity, viability and source of cells as well as ideal scaffold are still controversial issue and need further intensive research.
Conclusion: Stem cells present the most promising scientific discovery for treatment of chronic diseases. Their clinical success will depend on further research which should bring more lights on their interaction with inflammatory environment, Immunomodulatory characteristics, and effects of different molecules released after their administration. Encouraging preclinical and limited clinical results prompt the scientists and other stakeholders to invest more in further research.

The increasing burden of musculoskeletal disorders combined with the high utilization of opiates, NSAIDs and the relatively limited ability of traditional approaches to satisfactorily address many of the conditions that causes osteoarticular pain has spurred an increased interest in alternative treatments such as regenerative medicine therapies. Osteoarticular pain is a critical health, social, and economic issue in modern societies. Evidence is growing to support the use of orthobiologic injection treatments. Regenerative injection-based therapy has established itself as a therapeutic option for the management of osteoarthritis pain for most orthopedic conditions using platelet-rich plasma (PRP), bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC), bone marrow aspirate (BMA) and mesenchymal stem cell from fat (biofat). This conference will show the results of this therapies in a sample of Brazilian patients with low back pain involving the muscle-ligament-facet-discal  complex, and other orthopedic degenerative conditions and osteoarthritis of joints.

Objective: Diabetes mellitus causes deterioration in the body, including serious damage of the oral cavity related to salivary gland dysfunction, characterised by hyposalivation and xerostomia. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) represent a promising therapy source, due to the easy, minimally invasive surgical access to these cells and their high proliferative capacity. It was previously reported that the trophic support mediated by these cells can rescue the functional and structural alterations of damaged salivary glands. However, potential differentiation and paracrine effects of hDPSCs in diabetic-induced parotid gland damage have not been investigated. Our study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of intravenous transplantation of hDPSCs on parotid gland injury in a rat model of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes.
Methods: Thirty Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly categorised into three groups: control, diabetic (STZ), and transplanted (STZ + hDPSCs). The hDPSCs or the vehicles were injected into the rats' tail veins, 7 days after STZ injection. Fasting blood glucose levels were monitored weekly. A glucose tolerance test was performed, and the parotid gland weight, salivary flow rate, oxidative stress indices, parotid gland histology, and caspase-3, vascular endothelial growth factor, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, neuronal nitric oxide synthase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthetic enzyme expression levels in parotid tissues were assessed 28 days post-transplantation.
Results: Transplantation of hDPSCs decreased blood glucose, improved parotid gland weight and salivary flow rate, and reduced oxidative stress. The cells migrated to the STZ-injured parotid gland and differentiated into acinar, ductal, and myoepithelial cells. Moreover, hDPSCs downregulated the expression of caspase-3 and upregulated the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and proliferating cell nuclear antigen, likely exerting pro-angiogenic and anti-apoptotic effects and promoting endogenous regeneration. In addition, the transplanted cells enhanced the parotid nitric oxide-tetrahydrobiopterin pathway.
Conclusions: Our results showed that hDPSCs migrated to and survived within the STZ-injured parotid gland, where functional and morphological damage was prevented due to the restoration of normal glucose levels, differentiation into parotid cell populations, and stimulation of paracrine-mediated regeneration. Thus, hDPSCs may have potential in the treatment of diabetes-induced parotid gland injury.

The notion that music can influence your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors probably does not come as much of a surprise. If you've ever felt pumped up while listening to your favorite fast-paced rock anthem or been moved to tears by a tender live performance, then you easily understand the power of music to impact moods and even inspire action. Music therapy may be a viable nonpharmacological method of pain management for patients undergoing ASCT. In fact post-transplantation of stem cell transplantation involves pain and nausea, and its treatment can be physically and psychologically challenged, with many side effects that can be painful, uncomfortable, and sometimes difficult, which takes us to the use of challenging alternative methods to see if there would be helpful positive effects on the treatment.

Stem cells therapy is a new modality for treatment of heart failure, myocardial infarction, intractable angina, and during cardiac surgery. Since 2004 there are more than 300 phase 1, phase 2 and phase 3 trials showing the safety and efficacy of this therapy. Different types of stem cells used mainly bone marrow derived, adipose derived and cardiac derived. There were 4 routes of injections used including direct cardiac, subendo cardial, intracoronary and intravenous injections. There are many published meta-analysis of randomized trials showing they are safe, effective, with improvement in left ventricle function, patients symptoms and survival benefit. We believe stem cells therapy will become a recognized and routinely used in cardiology in the coming near future.

The increasing burden of musculoskeletal disorders combined with the high utilization of opiates and the relatively limited ability of traditional approaches to satisfactorily address many of the conditions that causes low back pain has spurred an increased interest in alternative treatments such as regenerative medicine therapies. Low back pain is critical health, social, and economic issue in modern societies. Evidence is growing to support the use of regenerative injection treatments. Regenerative injection-based therapy has established itself as a therapeutic option for the management of discogenic pain; facet pain; epidural injections and for sacroiliac joint pain. The results can be even better if we consider the concepts of biotensegrity of Steven Levin and the Hackett-Hemwall concepts. Our experience suggests that applications involving all structures, with the concept of biotensegrity and suggested points in classical Hacket-Hemwall prolotherapy are able to repeat the excellent results like those of Eduardo Anitua.

Knee arthrosis is a problem that affects thousands of people around the world, numerous attempts at non-surgical treatments with medications and corticosteroid infiltrations are used to alleviate pain and try to avoid total arthroplasty. Stem cell therapies have been shown to be extremely efficient and have low cost and morbidity, and can be used in different degrees of arthrosis from the most initial to the most advanced, with improvement in pain and joint movement, promoting an improvement in quality of life, especially for patients who do not have an adequate clinical condition to perform the surgery. Our experience proves that intra-articular applications of biological therapies such as BMA, BMAC, PRP and PRF associated with hyaluronic acid promote several benefits in the treatment of osteoarthritis. 

A complete spinal cord injury (SCI) is the complete sensory and motor loss below the site of spinal cord injury following acute or chronic destruction, compression, or ischemia of the spinal cord. It constitutes an inestimable public health issue. The most crucial phase in the pathophysiological process of SCI concerns the well-known secondary injury, which is the uncontrolled and destructive cascade occurring later with aberrant molecular signaling, inflammation, vascular changes, and secondary cellular dysfunctions. The use of our combinatorial biologics based in the combination of a unique polypeptide (Bioquantine®) and Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells (UCMSCs) represents one of the most important and promising and now safe and tested strategy to stimulate the neuroregeneration. This combinatorial method attract, among the other sources and types of stem cells, increased because of their ease of isolation/preservation and their properties. In this review, the therapeutic role of UCMSCs is discussed, together with their properties, application, limitations, and future perspectives. However, despite our deeper understanding of the molecular changes occurring after initial insult to the spinal cord, the cure for paralysis remains elusive. The current treatment of SCI is limited to early administration of high dose steroids to mitigate the harmful effect of cord edema that occurs after SCI and to reduce the cascade of secondary delayed SCI. An array of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from various sources with novel and promising strategies are being developed to improve function after SCI. In this review, we briefly discuss the pathophysiology of spinal cord injuries and characteristics and the potential sources of UCMSCs that can be used in the treatment of SCI. Our evidence and science based method (as we previously demonstrated with a patient 2 years ago) is showing a promising alternative on the ASIA-A classification SCI. Added to it, we utilized an improved delivery method (making it ambulatory) for the in situ application of subdural UCMSCs and a unique polypeptide (Bioquantine^®). Thereafter we proceeded with the intrathecal application of an advanced neurostimulator biomedical system obtaining improved results and faster clinical recovery after only 5 weeks of the started translational protocol.

Regenerative cell therapies may present multiple advantages to clinicians and patients who are looking to improve patient outcomes. These advantages could be obtained through multiple therapeutic modules,  Since I started this type of treatment on 2006 by injecting PRP directly where it was needed then Gradually started to widen the scope of such therapy by injecting bone marrow extract which also gave as good results as the PRP. Gradually in 2014 we started to add to such treatment the purified Fat extract and in my experience add a wider scope for the treating conditions as well as a far better results from the PRP and finally for the last few years also we added the stem cells therapy extracted from the fat tissue which also added a valuable and effective treatment for managing a lot musculoskeletal cases. In addition to the effective treatment and good results actually, there is a significantly reduced risk of rejection or immune response using autologous biologics as compared to alternative treatment options. Also, there is minimal risk of allergic reactions or tissue rejection. The autologous regenerative therapy uses the normal regeneration and repair processes of the human body.

From my long experience I would like to emphasis that Patients or conditions that are most likely to respond to autologous, biologic-based products have not yet been internationally characterized. Therefore, clinical success depends on several factors including diagnosis, the severity of condition being treated, patient age and comorbidities.I will go through this talk in presenting a journey explaining my clinical experience, the way I use and manage regenerative therapy and the success that I achieved during this journey.

Purpose : The author will talk about the importance of using cell therapy in the treatment of cartilage lesions and knee arthrosis.He will also talk about the clinical experience of using BMAC as a treatment in athletes and common patient recovering cartilage injuries in record time and without pain. 125 knees with osteoarthritis and cartilage injury were treated from 2015 to 2022, with the use of BMAC and scaffold hyaluroinic acid using a protocol of 4 applications with an interval of 15 days.They were selected by MRI (Grade 3 and 4) and VAS pain index.They were evaluated by the improvement of the VAS index. With 80% improvement in pain and gain in quality of life.There is growing evidence that BMAC appears as a therapeutic option in the recovery of cartilage injury and in the modulation of pain resulting from knee arthrosis. (1)In the case of cartilage injury and arthrosis is the most common articular disease and MSCs have the potential to differentiate into the cell lineage of interest to form chondrocytes, in addition, MSCs can favorably alter the microenvironment conditions for regeneration and repair due to the regulation of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin 1 ( IL-1) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), managing to modulate pain in this way. (2)Studies suggest that the use of intra-articular BMAC with use of Hyaluronic Acid scaffolds may reduce the need for additional surgery. (3)It has been shown that this method autologous therapy, is safe and brings many benefits in the treatment of the above pathologies. 

 PURPOSE To evaluate the safety and efficacy of novel autologous conditioned serum with gold particles, in Grade 3 &4 Knee osteoarthritis cases. METHOD about 40 knees were treated with and evaluated for safety and efficacy of GOLDIC therapy. These knees were radiologically proven Gr 3/4 OA and treated with 4 consecutive intraarticular injections of US guided GOLDIC. Follow up was done for immediate and delayed adverse reactions. CONCLUSION GOLDIC as advanced and novel management of moderate to severe OA knees was found to be very safe and effective with no SAE.

Despite various vaccine developments and approaches that directly target the virus or block viral entry, finding an appropriate treatment in covid-19 infected patients has become a major focus. Natural killer (NK) cells are a pivotal component of the innate immune system that show anti-viral activities without dependency to specifically antigen recognition. This phase I/II study evaluated the safety and efficacy of allogeneic NK cell therapy in treatment of patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in 4 hospitals of IRAN. The main goals of our study were to evaluate the safety and efficacy of allogeneic NK cell therapy in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and find an appropriate dose which provides a satisfied outcome in those patients.
Methodology and Theoretical Orientation: CD56 positive Nk cells were isolated from healthy donor Leukapheresis product using CliniMacs plus device. Nk cells were activated in cell culture medium NK GMP Medium (Milteny biotec) containing IL-2 and IL-15. The cells were characterized using flow cytometry analysis and K562 cytotoxicity assay, Then infused intravenously to COVID-19 patients After 14 days activation, cells infused to the patients that had inclusion criteria. Increasingly multiple doses of peripheral blood-derived NK cells (0.1-2 × 10⁷ cells/kg body weight) were infused to 5 patient groups (in each one 10 patients) with COVID-19 pneumonia (n=50) compared to 2 patients' placebo and control groups. The treatment outcomes were followed for 28 days for primary outcome and 1 year for secondary outcome.
Findings: There were no serious adverse events associated with NK cells infusion. Patients without underling diseases or experience of intubation or cytokine storm phenomenon showed 94.28% survival rate in comparison to the control and placebo groups and most patients. Moreover, the longevity of patients in the cohorts receiving 0.1, 0.5 and 1 × 10⁷ cells/kg was increased significantly when compared with the control and placebo groups.
Conclusion & Significance: These data indicate that allogeneic NK cells therapy was safe and tolerable for patients with COVID-19. Also, clinical data show the promising antiviral activities against Covid-19 virus. In a severe infection, Nk cells treatment demonstrates lower mortality rate, lower weight loss, lower lung viral load and reduced lung injury along with reduced inflammation. These results support our hypothesis that the adoptive transfer of NK cells could reduce the burden of viral infection through the elimination of infected epithelial cells, coordinate a more effective immune response, and result in a clinical benefit in patients with severe viral infection.

There are an overwhelming number of patients suffering from low back pain (LBP) resulting from disc pathology. Although several strategies are One option is to use concentrated bone marrow aspirate (cBMA), which may be effective due to its intrinsic stem cell and growth factors .Second option is to use n uscncl ymal culls (m n fat Methods: 10 patients who rccclvud Intradlsc‹1I Injections 4 patient injection of ef cBMA to relieve low back paln and radlcullr pnln.6 patient injection of Mesenchymal stem from fat by  I lpog cm In cases of IOW back pain and radilcular pain due to disc bulge and degenerative disc and (acetFollow up based on Glasco pain score Scale6 cases L3-4-5 4 4 males and 2 females used lipogem.4 cases at level of L4-5 treated by bone marrow injection L4-5Follow up study for lipogem patient around 1 year or as a result is satisfactory around 70% improvement in the pain score it is decreased from 6 to 2 range of motion no radicular pain nor night pain which he was interfering with his sleeping cases of bone marrow injection follow up study for 3 months to 6 Months. Improvement around 80% the pain score subsided from 6-2 and the range of movement for the back improved without any radicular pain
Conclusions: Intradiscal injections may be effective to reduce pain and improve function. Patients with relatively higher initial pain may have potential for greatest improvement.

Life is an equation , everything we see around us is a Mathematical Equation , right from picking up a pen to writing with a pen , from planting a tree to even cutting or watering it everything can be denoted in the form of a mathematical equation. Mathematical studies have given birth to many fascinating techniques in the field on Computer Science. Today the whole world is talking about Artificial Intelligence for disease detection and the most hot Topic on board is Cancer, so the goal of this Research Paper is to create and show a mathematical pattern of Convolutional Neural Network to detect Cancer.