Title: Pathogenesis of COPD

Biography:

Dr. Gargi Maitra, completed her MBBS from North Bengal University, stood 1^st class 1^st in her MBBS. She completed her MD in Pulmonary Medicine followed by Indian Diploma in Critical Care Medicine. She has worked as an Associate Editor for ‘Bronchoscopy in ICU, A Practical guide’ book. She has keen interest in critical care and interventional bronchoscopic procedures and has been actively involved in conducting and participating in various conferences at national level on Pulmonology and Bronchoscopy. She has presented cases in Lung India journal. She is an active member of Indian Chest Society (ICS), Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine (ISCCM), American College of Chest Physician (ACCP) and European Respiratory Society (ERS).

 

Abstract

1. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the airways and alveoli leading to airflow limitation, giving rise to chronic cough, sputum production and breathlessness. Classically, tobacco exposure has been commonly linked to causation of COPD. However, many patients develop COPD without any history of tobacco exposure. Exposure to indoor pollution in the form of biomass fuel smoke or occupational exposure to smoke, may also contribute to development of COPD.

It is also known that pulmonary function reaches its peak (FEV1) at about twenty years of age and thereafter there is a gradual physiological decline in lung function. Due to any reason (like abnormal alveolar development in intrauterine life), if this peak lung function is not achieved in early adulthood, then a declining FEV1, at the same physiological rate, may give rise to early COPD symptoms and this process may further be hastened by smoke, tobacco exposure, infection etc. Infections like tuberculosis and systemic syndromes like Rheumatoid arthritis, HIV may also give rise to COPD symptoms.