The uteroplacental and fetoplacental circulations can be assessed by color Doppler a non-invasive method for understanding and studying fetal circulations. The uterine artery flow tells us the status of the uteroplacental circuit. The umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery, descending aorta, ductus venosus and umbilical vein study tells us the fetal adaptation to any hypoxic insult. With impaired placentation causing changes in the uterine artery one needs to be carefully surveying the fetal circulation for any adaptive changes. With hypoxic insult the blood flows preferentially to vital organs like the brain, heart and adrenals with compensatory shunting from the non-vital organs the abdominal viscera and lower limbs. The three ratio Systolic/Diastolic ratio, Pulsatility Index and Resistive Index are markers of resistance and thus are reflecting impedance values which are inversely proportional to the amount of blood flow in the respective vessel or organ. So brain sparing causes a high PI and brain edema would finally cause a rise in the Middle cerebral artery PI.

This tool finally helps us to fine tune the administration of steroids in a premature fetus and timely termination of pregnancy to reduce the stay of the neonate in the ICU and reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a mobile supportive care program (MSCP) on depressive symptoms in patient with oral cancer underwent oral surgery. A quasi-experimental design with simple randomize sampling, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used to collect participants’ data. Participants were distributed into with a MSCP before discharge (experimental group, n=55) or without used MSCP (control group, n=55). The MSCP was loading in a Line app in experimental group mobile after education. The outcome was followed at the 7 days (first time clinic visited, T1), one month (T2), and three month (T3) after discharge.  The CESD scores showed that all the two groups’ participants experienced depressive symptoms decreased at the one and three months after received MSCP (all p<.001). The generalized estimating equation analysis showed that after controlled age, both group and time were significantly different, indicated both group patients experienced depressive symptoms improvement, however, the MSCP group depressive symptoms was improved better than non-MSCP group. An interaction existed between the groups and test times in CESD from Time 1 to Time 3. These results indicate that the MSCP effects were influenced by time. These results showed that the CESD score of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group by 6.51 points at one-month, and 5.60 points at three-month. This results recommend for the healthcare staff embed this MSCP into discharge plan in care of oral cancer patient underwent oral surgery.

Background-  Sub-Saharan Africa still has the highest child Mortality rates in the world. Global child mortality has dropped by 53% - from 12.7 million in 1990 to 5.9 million in 2015. South Africa has reduced its child mortality rate from 60 deaths per every 1000 live births in 1990 to 41 in 2015. Though the MDG target is 20.

Objective- To find out the Infant Mortality due to Meconium Aspiration Syndrome how much it contribute in Child Mortality where Home delivery & HIV/AIDS are predominated.

Methods- Our study were overserved & put on consideration of the following criteria –

Detection of Prematurity and Fetal gasping secondary to hypoxia, inadequate removal of meconium from the airway prior to the first breath, Use of positive pressure ventilation (PPV) prior to clearing the airway of meconium etc.

 The inhaled meconium can cause a partial or complete blockage of the airways, causing difficulty breathing and poor gas exchange in the lungs. In addition, the substance is irritating and causes inflammation in the airways and potentially, causes chemical pneumonia. Factors that promote the passage of meconium in utero include the following: Placental insufficiency, maternal hypertension .Preeclampsia, Oligohydramnios, maternal drug abuse, especially of tobacco and cocaine, maternal infection-corioaminitis, etc.

Results- The possibility of inhaling meconium occurs in and around 10% of all births. Out of this 1-3% causes MAS. Its generally happens after 34 to 42weeks of gestation.30% of them needs ventilation. In the industrialized world, meconium in the amniotic fluid can be detected in 8-25% of all births after 34 weeks' gestation. Of those newborns with meconium-stained amniotic fluid, approximately 10-15% develop meconium aspiration syndrome.

Conclusion- Our study concludes in HIV/AIDS and TB predominated developing countries with less availability of prenatal care and where home births are common, incidence of meconium aspiration syndrome is thought to be higher than, and is associated with a greater infant mortality rate.

Gastric cancer

Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common cancer in the world. When cancer cells form in the inner lining of stomach these cells can grow into a tumor. Which called gastric cancer, the disease usually grows slowly over many years.GC is a multifactorial disease comprehending lifestyle, aging, genetic, socioeconomic factors, and also infection by Helicobacter pylori, which has been attributed in 80% of the cases and Epstein-Barr virus (present in 6-10% of cases). One of the great problems of gastric cancer is the late disease detection caused by the nonspecific symptomatology in early stages which is associated with poor prognosis. According to Lauren classification the adenocarcinoma presents in two types: type one intestinal well differentiated with cohesive neoplastic cells, forming gland-like tubular strictures: type two diffuse poorly differentiated with infiltration and thickening of the stomach wall without the formation of a discrete mass Early Symptoms on, stomach cancer may cause indigestion ,Feeling bloated after you eat a meal ,heartburn,nausea,Loss of appetite As stomach tumors grow, you may have more serious symptoms, such as stomach pain ,blood in your stool, omitting weight loss Trouble swallowing Yellowish eye ,or skin ,Swelling in your stomach constipation  or diarrhea ,or feeling tired ,Innovative technologies have been used to identify alterations in gastric cancer cell biology, e.g., several genetic abnormalities such as aberrant genes, copy number variation, micro RNAs, and long noncoding RNAs were identified as possible biomarkers in these studies.so prevention of stomach cancer. Though stomach cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the world, the number of cases has dropped over the past. Several decades there’s no guarantee you can prevent it, but there's plenty you can do to lower your chances of having it. Here's how to give you every possible advantage check on ulcer helicobacter pylori is common bacteria it doesn’t make always sick but it can infect on stomach lining and cause ulcer and it is also a carcinogen which means it can cause cancer so to treat early ulcer, pile on the produce make sure each meal includes fruits vegetables can lower chance of GC...

Gastric cancer

Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common cancer in the world. When cancer cells form in the inner lining of stomach these cells can grow into a tumor. Which called gastric cancer, the disease usually grows slowly over many years.GC is a multifactorial disease comprehending lifestyle, aging, genetic, socioeconomic factors, and also infection by Helicobacter pylori, which has been attributed in 80% of the cases and Epstein-Barr virus (present in 6-10% of cases). One of the great problems of gastric cancer is the late disease detection caused by the nonspecific symptomatology in early stages which is associated with poor prognosis. According to Lauren classification the adenocarcinoma presents in two types: type one intestinal well differentiated with cohesive neoplastic cells, forming gland-like tubular strictures: type two diffuse poorly differentiated with infiltration and thickening of the stomach wall without the formation of a discrete mass Early Symptoms on, stomach cancer may cause indigestion ,Feeling bloated after you eat a meal ,heartburn,nausea,Loss of appetite As stomach tumors grow, you may have more serious symptoms, such as stomach pain ,blood in your stool, omitting weight loss Trouble swallowing Yellowish eye ,or skin ,Swelling in your stomach constipation  or diarrhea ,or feeling tired ,Innovative technologies have been used to identify alterations in gastric cancer cell biology, e.g., several genetic abnormalities such as aberrant genes, copy number variation, micro RNAs, and long noncoding RNAs were identified as possible biomarkers in these studies.so prevention of stomach cancer. Though stomach cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the world, the number of cases has dropped over the past. Several decades there’s no guarantee you can prevent it, but there's plenty you can do to lower your chances of having it. Here's how to give you every possible advantage check on ulcer helicobacter pylori is common bacteria it doesn’t make always sick but it can infect on stomach lining and cause ulcer and it is also a carcinogen which means it can cause cancer so to treat early ulcer, pile on the produce make sure each meal includes fruits vegetables can lower chance of GC...

Background: Career development and continuing education are essential for nurses to develop their professional competencies. Nurse educators are expected to provide those programs catered to the needs of nurses with validated effectiveness. However, there are few opportunities for Japanese nurse educators to receive educational training for improving their quality and skills. This study aimed to identify the educational needs for nurse educators, as perceived by certified nurse administrators.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 228 Japanese certified nurse administrators who were randomly selected. A questionnaire was developed based on the standards of continuing education and group interviews. Simple tabulation was performed, and free descriptions were coded and categorized according to meaning in order to identify the educational needs for nurse educators.

Results: A total of 101 certified nurses responded to the questionnaire. Nine categories were identified for nurse educators to be strengthened; communication, self-development, building personal relationships, management, human resource development and career development, planning and practical skills, analysis and evaluation, education (general and nursing), and nurse educator development seminars.

Conclusion: Building a support system and providing educational programs are needed for Japanese nurse educators to develop their professional competencies and skills.