Title: A shift in theoretical attention for the properties of bulk materials to those of the borders

Biography:

Abstract

Originally physics was a science of observing all phenomena, including those whose existence was not proved experimentally. However, since the introduction of the laws of Newton, based upon observations of massive objects, like bullets, physics became a purely deteministic science. If phenomena could not be measured, they were ignored. When a century ago experimental results became increasingly counter-intuitive, scientists accepted that physics was going beyond human imagination. Later we continued to consider elementary particles as massive objects like tiny bullets, glued together by a rather mysterious medium called force. Since the discovery of nanomaterials it is incomprehensible that they behave in a different way than matter in massive objects. To be able to understand the behavior of new materials, the Newtonian way of thinking is expanded with an indeterministic way of thinking, based upon insights from quantum mechanics. The notion of indeterminism started with the uncertainty principle of Heisenberg. He was convinced that physics can be described entirely in a complementary way. However, not until forty years later a definition of complementarity was introduced by Jammer. Applied to everyday life, it opens a new window to the world. Having enhanced our comprehension with this new view, we constructed a complementary foundation for physics, called twin physics. The elementary item is the Heisenberg-unit, being a unit of potential energy. Only by interaction with another H-unit it can partly or fully be transformed into actual energy. Space is considered as a finite physical item being as important as mass. Twin physics is connected with classical physics by the laws of Maxwell, emerging from it. Four types of electrons are described, two of them being related to electricity in new materials. Also finite magnetic fields around them are described, restricted to a space of about molecular size.