Title: Women cancer risk and polycystic ovary syndrome

Biography:

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder characterized by oligomenorrhea, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries shape by ultrasound. It has an estimated prevalence of 4–21% in reproductive aged women depending on the diagnostic criteria and population examine. PCOS is associated with metabolic abnormalities including dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and type II diabetes and is also one of the most common causes of reduced fertility. The altered metabolic and hormonal environment among women with PCOS may increase their risk of some types of cancer like: Endometrial cancer which explained by the absence of ovulation and producing estrogen, but not progesterone, which causes the endometrium (the lining of the uterus), to grow too much and undergo atypical cell changes. This is a pre-cancerous condition called endometrial hyperplasia. If the thickened endometrium is not treated, over a long period of time it can develop into endometrial cancer, and ovarian cancer: as PCOS   increased androgen exposure presence of androgen receptors on normal ovarian cells as well as benign and borderline tumors, and a doubling of androgen levels during pregnancy is associated with a 40–50% increased risk of borderline serous and invasive. Breast cancer: characteristics and consequences of PCOS have been previously associated with both increased and decreased risk of breast cancer. Increased levels of insulin in the blood can increase the risk of formation of breast cancer cells and  other kinds of cancers might linked to PCOS medications that may influence cancer risk such as: oral contraceptives, metformin, ovulation-induction therapies.