Background: The associa on between Helicobacter Pylori (H. pylori) infec on and cardiovascular risk factors remains controversial. The high prevalence of H. pylori infec on among Afghan pa ents facilitates to inves gate this associa on. The aim of the present study was to determine the associa on between H. pylori infec on and cardiovascular risk factors among pa ents visi ng an outpa ent clinic in Andkhoy, Afghanistan. Materials and Methods: We performed a cross-sec onal study of 271 consecu ve pa ents in an outpa ent clinic in Andkhoy, Afghanistan from April 2017 to June 2017. The diagnosis of H. pylori infec on was achieved using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. The pa ents were divided into H. pylori posi ve (n=189) and H. pylori nega ve (n=82) groups. The associa on between H. pylori infec on and cardiovascular risk factors was analyzed. 

Results: Of the total 271 study par cipants, 102 (37.6%) were males and 169 (62.4%) were females. The mean age of the pa ents who were H. pylori-posi ve and H. pylorinega ve was 51.0 ± 17.6 years and 51.6 ± 17.6 years, respec vely. In mul variate logis c regression analyses, H. pylori infec on was signifi cantly associated with Diabetes mellitus (DM) (odds ra o [OR] 3.16, 95% confi dence interval [CI] 1.31-7.62, P = 0.011), BMI (body mass index) levels (OR 1.17, 95% CI 108-1.26, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Our study indicated that H. pylori infec on was signifi cantly associated with DM and BMI levels in an outpa ent clinic in Andkhoy, Afghanistan. More aggressive measures, including DM, obesity control, and H. pylori eradica on should be needed.