15th International Conference on
Dental Science
Scientific Program
Keynote Session:
Title: Semi-Sagittal Split Osteotomy of Ankylosing Bony Mass for Release of Long Standing and Recurrent Temporomandibular Joint Bony Ankylosis
Biography:
Prof. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,
College of Oral and Dental Surgery,
Misr University for Science and Technology,
Egypt
Abstract:
Abstract:
Background:-Gap arthroplasty is a one of the techniques used to release TMJ bony ankylosis with reported many advantages and disadvantages. The aim of this study was to present and evaluate new semi-sagittal split osteotomy of ankylosing bony mass to release temporomandibular joint bony ankylosis. It was intended to minimize the disadvantage of gap arthroplasty.
Patient and methods:-Twelve patients suffering from TMJ bony ankylosis were included in the present study. New semi-sagittal split osteotomy of ankylosing bony mass was implemented. This cut was extended from the most superior point of ankylosing bone mass laterally and directed downward and medially towards the most inferior point of the most constricted part just above the mandibular foramen. Pterygomasseteric sling release was performed. Six quantitative and qualitative calipers were used to assess the technique.
Results:-Postoperative interincisal opening was increased significantly and the lower jaw displaced downward without shortening of the mandibular ramus. Only one case out of twelve (8.3%) represented postoperative anterior open bite.
Conclusion:-Semi-sagittal split osteotomy of ankylosing bony mass was recommended to preserve the major vital structures at the base of the skull in long standing and recurrent temporomandibular joint bony ankylosis especially with bulbous bony mass.
Patient and methods:-Twelve patients suffering from TMJ bony ankylosis were included in the present study. New semi-sagittal split osteotomy of ankylosing bony mass was implemented. This cut was extended from the most superior point of ankylosing bone mass laterally and directed downward and medially towards the most inferior point of the most constricted part just above the mandibular foramen. Pterygomasseteric sling release was performed. Six quantitative and qualitative calipers were used to assess the technique.
Results:-Postoperative interincisal opening was increased significantly and the lower jaw displaced downward without shortening of the mandibular ramus. Only one case out of twelve (8.3%) represented postoperative anterior open bite.
Conclusion:-Semi-sagittal split osteotomy of ankylosing bony mass was recommended to preserve the major vital structures at the base of the skull in long standing and recurrent temporomandibular joint bony ankylosis especially with bulbous bony mass.
Title: Assessment of the impact of dental fluorosis on the oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) in 10 to 14 year old children.
Biography:
Mallareddy dental college for women, India
Abstract:
Background: Dental fluorosis is a condition of altered enamel formation caused by excessive intake of fluoride during tooth formation, with a wide range of severity. It is characterized by hypomineralization of the tooth structure. The increased prevalence of dental fluorosis worldwide has caused esthetic displeasure in children, leading to psychological and behavioral complications in the affected individuals.
Aim: To assess the impact of Dental Fluorosis on the (OHRQoL) in 10-14 year old children.
Methodology: The present study included a total of 545 children aged 10-14 years. All the children were screened to note DMFT, OHI-S, and Dean Fluorosis indices followed by which children were asked to answer a Child Perception questionnaire of their local language. Screening at schools ended with an oral health care talk. The data collected was compiled, tabulated, and subjected to statistical analysis.
Results synthesis: Among the 545 subjects in the study 58.3% were males and 41.7% were females. The mean Deans Fluorosis Index score was 2.48±0.77. The means of domains oral symptoms, functional limitations, emotional well-being, and social well-being were 2.41±2.56, 2.14±2.70, 3.73±4.58 and 4.38±5.55 respectively. Multiple regression analysis of the data showed that dental fluorosis had a significant impact on OHRQoL in children.
Conclusion: Dental Fluorosis has a negative impact on OHRQoL children. Children with Dental Fluorosis have been avoiding smiling and laughing because of their aesthetic concerns. Dental Fluorosis mainly affects the social well-being of children. A comparison of OHRQL scores between various Dean’s fluorosis index scores shows that OHRQoL was mostly affected in children with severe fluorosis followed by moderate fluorosis.
Keywords: Dental Fluorosis, Child Perception, Oral Health-Related Quality of Life.
Title: Fabrication of a Novel “All in One Glove†– A Functional Tool for Oral Hygiene Maintenance and the Assessment of Its Effectiveness on Plaque Control in Cerebral Palsy Patients.
Biography:
Post graduation in the field of Periodontics, India
Abstract:
ABSTRACT
Cerebral palsy (CP), a neurological condition resulting from non-progressive brain injury or malformation during developmental stages, predominantly impacts various aspects of body movement, muscle coordination, tone, reflex, posture, balance, and both fine and gross motor skills. Individuals with spastic cerebral palsy experience spasticity affecting both upper and lower limbs. When this spasticity affects the upper limb, it creates challenges in executing routine tasks, leading to complications in precision grip, grasping ability, and muscle coordination, particularly hindering the efficient use of a toothbrush. In response to these challenges hampering proper oral hygiene upkeep, a groundbreaking concept emerged—a visionary "all in one glove" designed to revolutionize oral care for cerebral palsy patients. A 3D model of this innovative glove has been crafted, featuring customizable measurements to accommodate varying hand sizes. The glove also incorporates strategically placed openings to house oral hygiene tools. This avant-garde "all in one glove" integrates toothbrushes, gum massagers, and interdental aids, all linked to vibrators powered by a 3.7V lithium battery. This cutting-edge oral hygiene glove facilitates comprehensive oral care in a single application, proving not only effective for cerebral palsy patients but also beneficial for individuals facing challenges in manual dexterity. It stands as a testament to inventive solutions addressing the unique needs of those with compromised motor skills. This innovative creation has secured a patent, attesting to its unique and original nature.
About the author – I Dr. Sucharitha Palanisamy, currently pursuing Post graduation in the field of Periodontics. My unwavering dedication centers around prioritizing dental hygiene and care for individuals with special health care needs. I have consistently focused on contributing to the oral health of those with special requirements, aiming to satisfy a lasting hunger for improved care. This innovative initiative is crafted to simplify oral hygiene practices for individuals with special health care needs, playing a pivotal role in self-motivating patients toward comprehensive oral care.
Title: Incidence of medical comorbidities and allergies among patients visiting the Oral diagnosis department at CMH LMC and IOD Lahore
Biography:
Pakistan
Abstract:
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the incidence and type of different drug allergies and medical comorbid conditions in individuals presenting to Oral medicine department.
Study Design: Systematic reviews/meta-analysis
Place and Duration: Outpatient Department (OPD) of oral medicine and diagnostics department of CMH medical college Lahore, from June 2023 to September 2023.
Methods: A total of 6462 patients with significant medical history were included for conducting this study. Patients’ histories were obtained through a computerized system which included separate sections for medical alerts and drug allergies. The variables used were gender, medical comorbid conditions and drug allergies.
Results: Among the 6462 individuals in this study, 46% were males, and 53% were females. The most prevalent comorbid condition was hypertension, followed by diabetes. Penicillin drug allergy had the highest incidence, followed by NSAIDs and sulfonamides.
Conclusion: Individuals seeking oral medicine frequently presented with medical comorbid conditions and drug allergies. The most prevalent medical alerts were hypertension, diabetes, hep B, and asthma, with penicillin allergy being the most common. It’s crucial to document these alerts and allergies for improved patient care, management, and to prevent potential medical emergencies resulting from insufficient patient assessment by dental practitioners.
Key words: comorbid, hypertension, penicillin, NSAIDs, sulfonamides.
INTRODUCTION
Clinical or a dental audit is a technique That fouses on improving quality of type of care provided to patient by systematically evaluating care, based on clear criteria.
Clinical or a dental audit is a technique That fouses on improving quality of type of care provided to patient by systematically evaluating care, based on clear criteria.
The potential for clinical audit in Expansive and rapidly growing field of dentistry is endless. (1)
In this realm of dentistry, it’s crucial to highlight all medical allergies since every drug class commonly employed in dental practice maybe involved. When documented in a patients record it’s essential to explore the nature of the reaction since many patients may misconstrue allergic reactions with intolerances. E.g sometimes patient confuses side effects of a medicine with allergy. This is important to document to avoid giving patients medications they are allergic to. (02) The existence of comorbidities is a significant concern associated with poorer health outcomes and increased medicinal cost.
Comorbidity refers to the presence of one or more added medical illness along with the presenting ailments. It is that challenge which is quite hard to handle and many individuals are still oblivious to it. (05)
Many patients that present to dental OPD with their oral health issues are mostly ignorant of the importance of giving a detailed medical history which includes their existing medical conditions. This is due to various reasons ; sometimes they are not comfortable sharing, or sometimes they think it’s not related to their dental issue or sometimes simply they’ are unaware of presence of any existent medical condition. Many times they do not share their previous illnesses or surgeries because they feel it has been treated. (1)
The dental practitioner must grasp the potential complications arising from dental treatment in medically compromised patients and discern when pre or post treatment medications or emergency care is warranted. Therefore, it’s crucial for a dentist to thoroughly gather a patient’s medical history before any therapeutic procedure. Overlooking certain medical conditions could result in adverse consequences and repercussions.(22)
We planned this study to evaluate the incidence of different medical conditions and drug allergies based on the history provided, among the patients reporting with oral diseases at Oral Medicine Department of Institute of Dentistry, CMH medical college Lahore.
With this gathered information, we can help our House Officers and dental practitioners with providing the best dental treatment to medically compromised patients whilst keeping their safety in mind and avoiding any medical emergency on a dental unit.
METHODOLOGY
ETHICAL COMMITTEE APPROVAL
After approval from ethical committee, all patients which reported to the oral medicine department of CMH Lahore for general OPD before referrals to other departments were included collectively from June 2023 to September 2023.
SAMPLE COLLECTION
Patient details were obtained from history forms, which featured dedicated sections for medical alerts and known allergies. This information was entered into computers for record-keeping purposes. Furthermore, specific inquiries about drug allergies were made and meticulously documented to ensure the accuracy of information provided by the patients.
The variables used for this study included gender , allergies and medical comorbidities such as diabetes, ischemic heart disease, hypertension, HEP B and C, psychiatric and bleeding disorders.
RESULTS
Out of a total of 6462 individuals included in this study 3011 (46%) were males and 3451 (53%) were females as shown in table 1.
Common comorbid conditions that were observed were hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Asthma, Hep B, Acid reflux disease, epilepsy, depression, bleeding disorders and others. Out of these 258 patients had Hypertension, making it the most common comorbid condition followed by diabetes (190) and then Hep B and Asthma ( 44 and 43 respectively) as shown in figure 2.
When allergies to drug classes were recorded, 18 patients were found to allergic to Penicillin which was the highest. 12 patients were found allergic to NSAIDs and 9 patients were found allergic to Sulfonamides as shown in figure 3.
Number of patients from June 2023 to September 2023
Title: Secondary unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity presents a formidable challenge in cleft lip repair due to its potential association with unresolved primary cleft nasal deformity and ongoing development
Biography:
Abstract:
Background
The purpose of this study was to investigate the timing of and indications for the Tajima reverse U incision for correcting secondary unilateral cleft nasal deformities.
Methods
Non-syndromic patients with secondary cleft lip and nasal deformity who received Tajima reverse-U incision rhinoplasty were grouped by aged (4-13 years, n=56;13-18 years, n=22; >18 years, n=18) and severity of deformity (mild deformity, n=7; moderate deformity=22; severity deformity=67) during 5-year follow up. Face-Q assessment, a rating scale, and nasal symmetry measurements were employed in this study.
Results
Ninety-six patients completed the FACE-Q assessment for the nose and nostril. The results showed higher satisfaction with nostril appearance 1-week after surgery (85.95±13.01) compared with pre-operation (79.72±11.89) and maintained 5-year follow-up (82.61±14.06).Significant differences were observed in five nasal parameter (nasal height ratio, one-fourth media part of nostril height ratio, nasal sill height ratio, columellar angle and inner nostril height-to-width ratio (cleft)) for 1-week postoperatively and the corrected outcome of the Tajima technique was maintained 5 years after surgery in aged 4-13 years group. The same statistically significant changes were found in nasal sill height ratio in mild deformity group and nostril width ratio, one-fourth media part of nostril height ratio, columellar angle, inner nostril height-to-width ratio (cleft) in moderate deformity group.
Conclusion
The Tajima procedure was beneficial for preadolescent children and children with mild to moderate unilateral cleft nasal deformities.
Title: The category of the presentation in the field of Community Dentistry
Biography:
King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
Abstract:
Background The Arabic version of the short form of the Health Literacy in Dentistry scale (HeLD) had not yet been developed in previously published studies. This study aims to test the reliability and validity of an Arabic version of the short form of the HeLD questionnaire.
Methods The short version of HeLD was translated into Arabic and the psychometric properties were evaluated in a sample of 1,889 female students in their first year of secondary school. Test- retest reliability was assessed using the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), and internal consistency reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. Content validity was investigated by creating a correlation matrix between the individual items of the HeLD-14, and criterion validity was determined using Pearson’s correlation between the HeLD-14 score and an overall oral health rating. Sensitivity analysis was assessed by testing the associations of the HeLD-14 score with oral health-related behaviours and residential area.
Results The Arabic version of HeLD-14 (A-HeLD) had acceptable ICC (0.54) and excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.92). The correlations between the items of the A-HeLD- 14 varied from 0.3 to 0.9. The A-HeLD-14 showed a statistically significant correlation with the overall oral health rating (r = 0.37, p < 0.001). The median A-HeLD-14 score was significantly higher in participants who brushed their teeth frequently (51.31), visited the dentist regularly (52.00), consumed fresh fruit frequently (51), and consumed soda or energy drinks infrequently (51.00) than participants who brushed their teeth infrequently (41.50), visited the dentist irregularly (49.00), consumed fresh fruit infrequently (47) and consumed soda or energy drinks frequently (48.00).
Conclusion The A-HeLD-14 instrument demonstrates sufficient validity, reliability, and sensitivity for measuring oral health literacy among the Arabic-speaking population.
Title: Case Report: Treatment of Dentigerous Cyst in a 5-Year-Old Female Patient under General Anesthesia
Biography:
Pedodontist at PSMMC, Saudi Arabia
Abstract:
Abstract
This case report presents the diagnosis and treatment of a dentigerous cyst in a 5-year-old female patient. The patient was referred with a chief complaint of swelling on the lower right side of the mandible. It had taken three months to reach the current size after pulp therapy on tooth # 85. An X-ray examination was performed to establish that the case was that of a dentigerous cyst. Due to the general anaesthesia, approximation of cyst enucleation and dental extraction were carried out. All patients were ambulating postoperatively without difficulty, and radiographic studies done at a later date depicted satisfactory fracture apposition. Hence, early diagnosis and prompt surgical intervention aimed at complete tumour removal are crucial to avoid future problems. The present case clearly illustrates why interdisciplinary care benefits children undergoing dental surgery.
Dr. Abdullah khalid Al-Fehaid
General Dentist Prince Sultan Military Medical City Saudi Ministry of Defence, RiyadhTitle: New Root Canal Obturation Techniques: A Review
Biography:
General Dentist Prince Sultan Military Medical City Saudi Ministry of Defence, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Abstract:
Introduction:
Root canal treatment is a vital dental procedure aimed at removing infected pulp tissue from within a tooth, thereby alleviating pain and preventing further complications. The success of this treatment hinges not only on effective cleaning and shaping of the canal system but also on the final obturation phase. This phase is crucial for sealing the root canal space, preventing reinfection, and ensuring long-term tooth preservation. Traditionally, gutta-percha has been the material of choice, used in conjunction with various sealers. Additionally, the incorporation of ultrasonic and sonic techniques enhances material delivery, ensuring thorough filling of intricate canal systems. As dental research continues to evolve, these new obturation methods may significantly impact clinical outcomes, leading to improved success rates in endodontic therapy. Understanding these developments is essential for dental practitioners aiming to provide the best care for their patients.
Requirements for successful obturation of Root Canal Obturation:
Successful obturation of root canals requires several key factors to ensure effective sealing and long-term treatment success. First, thorough cleaning and shaping of the canal system are essential to eliminate debris and bacteria. This process allows for optimal filling of the canal space. Next, the selection of appropriate materials is crucial; gutta-percha and bioceramic sealers are commonly used for their sealing capabilities and biocompatibility.
Effective technique is another vital requirement. Methods like warm vertical condensation or continuous wave techniques enhance the adaptability of the material to the canal walls, minimizing voids. Proper moisture control during the procedure helps prevent contamination and ensures that the sealers bond effectively. Additionally, the complete filling of all canal extensions, including lateral and accessory canals, is necessary to prevent reinfection.
Root Canal Obturation Materials:​​​​​​​
Root canal obturation materials play a crucial role in sealing such as zinc oxide-eugenol or epoxy resin-based sealers, it provides a good seal.
Emerging alternatives include bioceramic materials, which are known for their excellent sealing ability and biological properties. These materials promote healing and can stimulate the regeneration of periapical tissues. Another promising option is thermoplasticized gutta-percha, which improves flowability and compaction within the canal.
MTA (Mineral Trioxide Aggregate) is also gaining popularity, especially for cases involving apical resorption or immature teeth, due to its ability to create a strong seal and support tissue regeneration.
Basic Techniques for Root Canal Obturation:
Cold Lateral Condensation, Warm Vertical Condensation, Continuous Wave Technique, Single Cone Technique.
Devices for Heat and Vibration​​​​​​​
Heat-Activated Gutta-Percha Devices, Ultrasonic Activators Sonic Devices Warm Vertical Condensation Systems, Thermoplastic Gutta-Percha Delivery Systems.
​​​​​​​
​​​​​​​
Conclusion:
Successful root canal obturation is essential for effective endodontic treatment and long-term tooth preservation. The choice of materials and techniques significantly impacts the sealing ability and overall success of the procedure. Advances in obturation methods, including bioceramic materials and thermoplastic techniques, offer improved outcomes for complex canal anatomies. Ongoing research and innovation will continue to enhance the effectiveness of these techniques
Title: The Role of Xylitol as a Substation for fluoride in Caries Prevention
Biography:
Department of Dentistry, PSMMC, AEGD, Saudi Arabia
Abstract:
Introduction:
Since the classical epidemiological studies by H. Trendley Dean, the in1900s, Fluoride have been extensively employed to control dental caries. However, it has been known that there should be an optimum level of exposure to fluoride that would be able to provide the maximum protection against caries, with minimum dental fluorosis (Dean et al. 1942). It was believed that fluoride exerted its protective effect against caries through a “systemic” action only. Therfore dental fluorosis was considered a necessary risk so that the cariostatic benefits of fluoride could be achieved (Buzalaf, Pessan, et al. 2011) However, The concept that fluoride interferes in the dynamics of caries formation mainly when it is constantly present at low concentrations in the fluid phases of the oral environment became broadly accepted (“topical” action) (ten Cate and Duijsters 1983; Ogaard et al. 1988; Ogaard et al. 1991; ten Cate and Featherstone 1991; Featherstone 2000).
Effectiveness of fluoride supplements:
Effectiveness of fluoride supplements:
In 1940s many paper related to the systemic fluoride supplements effects on caries prevention were published . According to Deni Survey 1946, Calcium fluoride tablets were found to reduce dental caries by 10 %, after a period of 6-8 months of use (1), However this was contradicted by LARSEN (2), and confirmed by STONtis et al.(3) The studies most often quoted (4) in support of the effectiveness of fluoride tablets and drops in caries prevention were carried out in the 1960s and 1970s, before the wide availability of fluoridated dentifrices. In a survey in the Netherlands, conducted in 1979, the difference in caries prevalence between users and non-users of fluoride supplements did not remain statistically significant when differences in the socioeconomic status and toothbrushing habits between the users and non-users of fluoride tablets were considered.
Dental fluorosis:
the first to measure and report on the prevalence of dental fluorosis in users of fluoride supplements was done by ARNOLD et al. in 1960. It reported an increased prevalence of fluorosis in children who ingested fluoride supplements between birth and 6 year of age. The prevalence of fluorosis in the children examined was 12,1% if the questionable category of the Dean's index of fluorosis.
Xylitol:
ξÏλον, xyl[on], "wood" + suffix -itol, used to denote sugar alcohols. Xylitol is categorized as a polyalcohol or sugar alcohol. It has the formula CH2OH(CHOH)3CH2OH. It is a colorless or white solid that is soluble in water.(6) Industrial production starts from xylan, a hemicellulose, which is extracted from hardwoods or corncobs. These polymers can be hydrolyzed into xylose, which are catalytically hydrogenated into xylitol. The conversion changes the sugar (xylose, an aldehyde) into a primary alcohol (xylitol). (7)
Dental fluorosis:
the first to measure and report on the prevalence of dental fluorosis in users of fluoride supplements was done by ARNOLD et al. in 1960. It reported an increased prevalence of fluorosis in children who ingested fluoride supplements between birth and 6 year of age. The prevalence of fluorosis in the children examined was 12,1% if the questionable category of the Dean's index of fluorosis.
Xylitol:
ξÏλον, xyl[on], "wood" + suffix -itol, used to denote sugar alcohols. Xylitol is categorized as a polyalcohol or sugar alcohol. It has the formula CH2OH(CHOH)3CH2OH. It is a colorless or white solid that is soluble in water.(6) Industrial production starts from xylan, a hemicellulose, which is extracted from hardwoods or corncobs. These polymers can be hydrolyzed into xylose, which are catalytically hydrogenated into xylitol. The conversion changes the sugar (xylose, an aldehyde) into a primary alcohol (xylitol). (7)
Xylitol has been used as a substitute for refined white sugar for more than 30 years, and is thought to have an inhibitory action on the major causative bacteria in dental caries, Streptococcus mutans (8) Xylitol has the ability to reduce lactic acid production in dental plaque, resulting in a higher plaque pH, therefore less cariogenic environment (9-10) Xylitol is a common ingredient in sugar-free tablets, chewing gum, dentifrice and oral rinses. It is a naturally occurring non-cariogenic sugar substitute that cannot be metabolized by oral bacteria.
Dose:
year-old schoolchildren in Lithuania23 which showed no difference in adjusted caries increment in the permanent dentition between 100% xylitol gum and no gum groups during the first 2 years of follow-up.(22)
Dose:
year-old schoolchildren in Lithuania23 which showed no difference in adjusted caries increment in the permanent dentition between 100% xylitol gum and no gum groups during the first 2 years of follow-up.(22)
A systemic review done in 2012 titled Anticariogenic effect of xylitol versus fluoride – a quantitative systematic review of clinical trials, suggests that the addition of xylitol to existing fluoride regimes may be beneï¬cial in the prevention of caries. However, the current evidence is challenged by the high risk of systematic errors⁄bias and confounder influence. Thus, Future high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to provide conclusive evidence on this topic. (23)
